AngularJS CRUD Operations with PHP and MySQL

AngularJS is a JavaScript Framework and it is a library written in JavaScript. AngularJS can be added to a web page using a <script> tag. AngularJS extends HTML attributes with Directives. AngularJS Directives are HTML attributes with a "ng" prefix (ng-init). If you are a beginner to AngularJS and looking for working example on AngularJs, this tutorial will help you a lot. This tutorial will focus on CRUD (Create, Read, Update, and Delete) operations with AngularJS. We’ll do the view, add, edit, and delete operations on a single page using AngularJS with PHP and MySQL.

In this example AngularJS CRUD application, we’ll implement the following functionalities.

• Fetch the users data from the database using PHP & MySQL, and display the users data using AngularJS.
• Add user data to the database using AngularJS, PHP, and MySQL.
• Edit and update user data using AngularJS, PHP, and MySQL.
• Delete user data from the database using AngularJS, PHP, and MySQL.

All the CRUD operations (view, add, edit, delete) will be done on a single page and without page reload or refresh. In front-end part mainly AngularJs will handle the whole process and little jQuery will be used for some cases. In the back-end, PHP will communicate with the database and provide the respective requested data to the front-end. PDO extension and MySQL will help to connect with the database and database-related operations (select, insert, update, and delete).

Before you begin to AngularJS CRUD example, take a look at the files structure of the application which are going to build.

Database Table Creation

For this example application, we’ll create a simple table (users) with some basic columns where users data would be stored.

CREATE TABLE `users` (
 `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `name` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
 `email` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
 `phone` varchar(15) COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL,
 `created` datetime NOT NULL,
 `modified` datetime NOT NULL,
 `status` enum('1','0') COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '1',
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci;

Database Class (DB.php)

DB class handles all the operations related to the database using PHP PDO extension and MySQL. For example, connect to the database, fetch, insert, update and delete the record from the database. You only need to change the $dbHost, $dbUsername, $dbPassword, and $dbName variables value as per the database credentials.

<?php
/*
 * DB Class
 * This class is used for database related (connect, get, insert, update, and delete) operations
 * with PHP Data Objects (PDO)
 * @author    CodexWorld.com
 * @url       http://www.codexworld.com
 * @license   http://www.codexworld.com/license
 */
class DB {
    // Database credentials
    private $dbHost     = 'localhost';
    private $dbUsername = 'root';
    private $dbPassword = '';
    private $dbName     = 'codexworld';
    public $db;
    
    /*
     * Connect to the database and return db connecction
     */
    public function __construct(){
        if(!isset($this->db)){
            // Connect to the database
            try{
                $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=".$this->dbHost.";dbname=".$this->dbName, $this->dbUsername, $this->dbPassword);
                $conn -> setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
                $this->db = $conn;
            }catch(PDOException $e){
                die("Failed to connect with MySQL: " . $e->getMessage());
            }
        }
    }
    
    /*
     * Returns rows from the database based on the conditions
     * @param string name of the table
     * @param array select, where, order_by, limit and return_type conditions
     */
    public function getRows($table,$conditions = array()){
        $sql = 'SELECT ';
        $sql .= array_key_exists("select",$conditions)?$conditions['select']:'*';
        $sql .= ' FROM '.$table;
        if(array_key_exists("where",$conditions)){
            $sql .= ' WHERE ';
            $i = 0;
            foreach($conditions['where'] as $key => $value){
                $pre = ($i > 0)?' AND ':'';
                $sql .= $pre.$key." = '".$value."'";
                $i++;
            }
        }
        
        if(array_key_exists("order_by",$conditions)){
            $sql .= ' ORDER BY '.$conditions['order_by']; 
        }
        
        if(array_key_exists("start",$conditions) && array_key_exists("limit",$conditions)){
            $sql .= ' LIMIT '.$conditions['start'].','.$conditions['limit']; 
        }elseif(!array_key_exists("start",$conditions) && array_key_exists("limit",$conditions)){
            $sql .= ' LIMIT '.$conditions['limit']; 
        }
        
        $query = $this->db->prepare($sql);
        $query->execute();
        
        if(array_key_exists("return_type",$conditions) && $conditions['return_type'] != 'all'){
            switch($conditions['return_type']){
                case 'count':
                    $data = $query->rowCount();
                    break;
                case 'single':
                    $data = $query->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
                    break;
                default:
                    $data = '';
            }
        }else{
            if($query->rowCount() > 0){
                $data = $query->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
            }
        }
        return !empty($data)?$data:false;
    }
    
    /*
     * Insert data into the database
     * @param string name of the table
     * @param array the data for inserting into the table
     */
    public function insert($table,$data){
        if(!empty($data) && is_array($data)){
            $columns = '';
            $values  = '';
            $i = 0;
            if(!array_key_exists('created',$data)){
                $data['created'] = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
            }
            if(!array_key_exists('modified',$data)){
                $data['modified'] = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
            }

            $columnString = implode(',', array_keys($data));
            $valueString = ":".implode(',:', array_keys($data));
            $sql = "INSERT INTO ".$table." (".$columnString.") VALUES (".$valueString.")";
            $query = $this->db->prepare($sql);
            foreach($data as $key=>$val){
                $val = htmlspecialchars(strip_tags($val));
                $query->bindValue(':'.$key, $val);
            }
            $insert = $query->execute();
            if($insert){
                $data['id'] = $this->db->lastInsertId();
                return $data;
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        }else{
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    /*
     * Update data into the database
     * @param string name of the table
     * @param array the data for updating into the table
     * @param array where condition on updating data
     */
    public function update($table,$data,$conditions){
        if(!empty($data) && is_array($data)){
            $colvalSet = '';
            $whereSql = '';
            $i = 0;
            if(!array_key_exists('modified',$data)){
                $data['modified'] = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
            }
            foreach($data as $key=>$val){
                $pre = ($i > 0)?', ':'';
                $val = htmlspecialchars(strip_tags($val));
                $colvalSet .= $pre.$key."='".$val."'";
      &nnbsp;         $i++;
            }
            if(!empty($conditions)&& is_array($conditions)){
                $whereSql .= ' WHERE ';
                $i = 0;
                foreach($conditions as $key => $value){
                    $pre = ($i > 0)?' AND ':'';
                    $whereSql .= $pre.$key." = '".$value."'";
                    $i++;
                }
            }
            $sql = "UPDATE ".$table." SET ".$colvalSet.$whereSql;
            $query = $this->db->prepare($sql);
            $update = $query->execute();
            return $update?$query->rowCount():false;
        }else{
            return false;
        }
    }
    
    /*
     * Delete data from the database
     * @param string name of the table
     * @param array where condition on deleting data
     */
    public function delete($table,$conditions){
        $whereSql = '';
        if(!empty($conditions)&& is_array($conditions)){
            $whereSql .= ' WHERE ';
            $i = 0;
            foreach($conditions as $key => $value){
                $pre = ($i > 0)?' AND ':'';
                $whereSql .= $pre.$key." = '".$value."'";
                $i++;
            }
        }
        $sql = "DELETE FROM ".$table.$whereSql;
        $delete = $this->db->exec($sql);
        return $delete?$delete:false;
    }
}

action.php (fetch, insert, update, and delete records)

This file handles the requests coming from the HTML page by AngularJS and DB class helps to database related operation. Based on the request, user data would read, add, update, delete from the database. Here the code is executed based on the type. type would be four types, view, add, edit, and delete. The following operations can happen based on the type.
view: fetch the records from the database, records and status message returns as JSON format.
add: insert the record in the database, inserted data and status message returns as JSON format.
edit: update the record in the database, status message returns as JSON format.
delete: delete the record from the database, status message returns as JSON format.

<?php
include 'DB.php';
$db = new DB();
$tblName = 'users';
if(isset($_REQUEST['type']) && !empty($_REQUEST['type'])){
    $type = $_REQUEST['type'];
    switch($type){
        case "view":
            $records = $db->getRows($tblName);
            if($records){
                $data['records'] = $db->getRows($tblName);
                $data['status'] = 'OK';
            }else{
                $data['records'] = array();
                $data['status'] = 'ERR';
            }
            echo json_encode($data);
            break;
        case "add":
            if(!empty($_POST['data'])){
                $userData = array(
                    'name' => $_POST['data']['name'],
                    'email' => $_POST['data']['email'],
                    'phone' => $_POST['data']['phone']
                );
                $insert = $db->insert($tblName,$userData);
                if($insert){
                    $data['data'] = $insert;
                    $data['status'] = 'OK';
                    $data['msg'] = 'User data has been added successfully.';
                }else{
                    $data['status'] = 'ERR';
                    $data['msg'] = 'Some problem occurred, please try again.';
                }
            }else{
                $data['status'] = 'ERR';
                $data['msg'] = 'Some problem occurred, please try again.';
            }
            echo json_encode($data);
            break;
        case "edit":
            if(!empty($_POST['data'])){
                $userData = array(
                    'name' => $_POST['data']['name'],
                    'email' => $_POST['data']['email'],
                    'phone' => $_POST['data']['phone']
                );
                $condition = array('id' => $_POST['data']['id']);
                $update = $db->update($tblName,$userData,$condition);
                if($update){
                    $data['status'] = 'OK';
                    $data['msg'] = 'User data has been updated successfully.';
                }else{
                    $data['status'] = 'ERR';
                    $data['msg'] = 'Some problem occurred, please try again.';
                }
            }else{
                $data['status'] = 'ERR';
                $data['msg'] = 'Some problem occurred, please try again.';
            }
            echo json_encode($data);
            break;
        case "delete":
            if(!empty($_POST['id'])){
                $condition = array('id' => $_POST['id']);
                $delete = $db->delete($tblName,$condition);
                if($delete){
                    $data['status'] = 'OK';
                    $data['msg'] = 'User data has been deleted successfully.';
                }else{
                    $data['status'] = 'ERR';
                    $data['msg'] = 'Some problem occurred, please try again.';
                }
            }else{
                $data['status'] = 'ERR';
                $data['msg'] = 'Some problem occurred, please try again.';
            }
            echo json_encode($data);
            break;
        default:
            echo '{"status":"INVALID"}';
    }
}

index.html (View File)

This is the main view file, where all the users are listed with add, edit, and delete links. Also, the add, update, delete operations are done in this file.

Bootstrap & jQuery Libraries:
Bootstrap CSS & JS library need to be included if you want to use Bootstrap table and form structure, otherwise, omit it.

<link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

AngularJS Library: Include the AngularJS library.

<script src = "https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/angularjs/1.5.7/angular.min.js"></script>

AngularJS JavaScript Code:
At first, the application is defined using AngularJS module, then application controller is defined to control the application. The following AngularJS functions are defined to handles the CRUD operations.
$scope.getRecords: The request is sent to the action.php file and store the response data into $scope.users.
$scope.saveUser: The user data is sent to the action.php file and insert or update the data in the database. At the time of update, the updated data is stored in the respective index of $scope.users. At the time of insert, the inserted data to be pushed to $scope.users. Once the operation is done, form data is reset and the status message is shown.
$scope.addUser: $scope.saveUser is called with "add" request.
$scope.editUser: User data is stored in $scope.tempUserData, $scope.index is defined and the form is appear.
$scope.updateUser: $scope.saveUser is called with "edit" request.
$scope.deleteUser: The request is sent to the action.php file for delete data from the database. Based on the response, user data is removed from the user list and status message is shown.
$scope.messageSuccess: Displays the success message.
$scope.messageError: Displays the error message.

// define application
angular.module("crudApp", [])
.controller("userController", function($scope,$http){
    $scope.users = [];
    $scope.tempUserData = {};
    // function to get records from the database
    $scope.getRecords = function(){
        $http.get('action.php', {
            params:{
                'type':'view'
            }
        }).success(function(response){
            if(response.status == 'OK'){
                $scope.users = response.records;
            }
        });
    };
    
    // function to insert or update user data to the database
    $scope.saveUser = function(type){
        var data = $.param({
            'data':$scope.tempUserData,
            'type':type
        });
        var config = {
            headers : {
                'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8;'
            }
        };
        $http.post("action.php", data, config).success(function(response){
            if(response.status == 'OK'){
                if(type == 'edit'){
                    $scope.users[$scope.index].id = $scope.tempUserData.id;
                    $scope.users[$scope.index].name = $scope.tempUserData.name;
                    $scope.users[$scope.index].email = $scope.tempUserData.email;
                    $scope.users[$scope.index].phone = $scope.tempUserData.phone;
                    $scope.users[$scope.index].created = $scope.tempUserData.created;
                }else{
                    $scope.users.push({
                        id:response.data.id,
                        name:response.data.name,
                        email:response.data.email,
                        phone:response.data.phone,
                        created:response.data.created
                    });
                    
                }
                $scope.userForm.$setPristine();
                $scope.tempUserData = {};
                $('.formData').slideUp();
                $scope.messageSuccess(response.msg);
            }else{
                $scope.messageError(response.msg);
            }
        });
    };
    
    // function to add user data
    $scope.addUser = function(){
        $scope.saveUser('add');
    };
    
    // function to edit user data
    $scope.editUser = function(user){
        $scope.tempUserData = {
            id:user.id,
            name:user.name,
            email:user.email,
            phone:user.phone,
            created:user.created
        };
        $scope.index = $scope.users.indexOf(user);
        $('.formData').slideDown();
    };
    
    // function to update user data
    $scope.updateUser = function(){
        $scope.saveUser('edit');
    };
    
    // function to delete user data from the database
    $scope.deleteUser = function(user){
        var conf = confirm('Are you sure to delete the user?');
        if(conf === true){
            var data = $.param({
                'id': user.id,
                'type':'delete'    
            });
            var config = {
                headers : {
                    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8;'
                }    
            };
            $http.post("action.php",data,config).success(function(response){
                if(response.status == 'OK'){
                    var index = $scope.users.indexOf(user);
                    $scope.users.splice(index,1);
                    $scope.messageSuccess(response.msg);
                }else{
                    $scope.messageError(response.msg);
                }
            });
        }
    };
    
    // function to display success message
    $scope.messageSuccess = function(msg){
        $('.alert-success > p').html(msg);
        $('.alert-success').show();
        $('.alert-success').delay(5000).slideUp(function(){
            $('.alert-success > p').html('');
        });
    };
    
    // function to display error message
    $scope.messageError = function(msg){
        $('.alert-danger > p').html(msg);
        $('.alert-danger').show();
        $('.alert-danger').delay(5000).slideUp(function(){
            $('.alert-danger > p').html('');
        });
    };
});

HTML Code:
On page load, getRecords() function (defined by ng-init) is initialized which will fetch the records from the database. AngularJS ng-repeat directive helps to list the users data and AngularJS expression ({{ expression }}) is used to binds the user data to HTML.

The following directives will be used in the HTML code.
ng-app directive defines an AngularJS application to HTML.
ng-controller directive defines the application controller.
ng-init directive initializes the given expression.
ng-model directive binds the HTML input controls to application data.
ng-hide directive hides the HTML element based on the provided expression.
ng-click directive tells AngularJS what to do when an HTML element is clicked.
ng-repeat directive repeats a set of HTML, based on given number of times.

Expressions are used to bind the application data to HTML in AngularJS. AngularJS expressions are written inside the double curly braces or inside a ng-bind directive.

<body ng-app="crudApp">
<div class="container" ng-controller="userController" ng-init="getRecords()">
    <div class="row">
        <div class="panel panel-default users-content">
            <div class="panel-heading">Users <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="glyphicon glyphicon-plus" onclick="$('.formData').slideToggle();"></a></div>
            <div class="alert alert-danger none"><p></p></div>
            <div class="alert alert-success none"><p></p></div>
            <div class="panel-body none formData">
                <form class="form" name="userForm">
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label>Name</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" ng-model="tempUserData.name"/>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label>Email</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="email" ng-model="tempUserData.email"/>
                    </div>
                    <div class="form-group">
                        <label>Phone</label>
                        <input type="text" class="form-control" name="phone" ng-model="tempUserData.phone"/>
                    </div>
                    <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn btn-warning" onclick="$('.formData').slideUp();">Cancel</a>
                    <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn btn-success" ng-hide="tempUserData.id" ng-click="addUser()">Add User</a>
                    <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn btn-success" ng-hide="!tempUserData.id" ng-click="updateUser()">Update User</a>
                </form>
            </div>
            <table class="table table-striped">
                <tr>
                    <th width="5%">#</th>
                    <th width="20%">Name</th>
                    <th width="30%">Email</th>
                    <th width="20%">Phone</th>
                    <th width="14%">Created</th>
                    <th width="10%"></th>
                </tr>
                <tr ng-repeat="user in users | orderBy:'-created'">
                    <td>{{$index + 1}}</td>
                    <td>{{user.name}}</td>
                    <td>{{user.email}}</td>
                    <td>{{user.phone}}</td>
                    <td>{{user.created}}</td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit" ng-click="editUser(user)"></a>
                        <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="glyphicon glyphicon-trash" ng-click="deleteUser(user)"></a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>

CSS Code:
The following CSS is used for design purpose in our example application.

/* required style*/ 
.none{display: none;}

/* optional styles */
table tr th, table tr td{font-size: 1.2rem;}
.row{ margin:20px 20px 20px 20px;width: 100%;}
.glyphicon{font-size: 20px;}
.glyphicon-plus{float: right;}
a.glyphicon{text-decoration: none;cursor: pointer;}
.glyphicon-trash{margin-left: 10px;}
.alert{
    width: 50%;
    border-radius: 0;
    margin-top: 10px;
    margin-left: 10px;
}

Conclusion:

In this article, we are trying to help beginners to implement view, add, edit, and delete records with AngularJS. If you want to update this example script, you can share your idea by commenting here.